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  1. John Rawls - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Mar 25, 2008 · John Rawls (b. 1921, d. 2002) was an American political philosopher in the liberal tradition. His theory of justice as fairness describes a society of free citizens holding equal …

  2. Distributive Justice (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

    Sep 22, 1996 · The most widely discussed theory of distributive justice in the past four decades has been that proposed by John Rawls in A Theory of Justice, (Rawls 1971), and Political …

  3. Original Position - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Dec 20, 2008 · Rawls’s idea is that, being reasonable and rational, moral persons (like us) who regard ourselves as free and equal should be in a position to accept and endorse as both …

  4. Justice (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

    Jun 26, 2017 · Classically, justice was counted as one of the four cardinal virtues (and sometimes as the most important of the four); in modern times John Rawls famously described it as ‘the …

  5. Reflective Equilibrium - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Nov 27, 2023 · John Rawls proposed to address these concerns through the method of reflective equilibrium. We first ensure that our judgments are considered, being made in circumstances …

  6. Constructivism in Metaethics - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Sep 27, 2011 · The term ‘constructivism’ entered debates in moral theory with John Rawls’ seminal Dewey Lectures “Kantian Constructivism in Moral Theory” (Rawls 1980), wherein …

  7. Contractualism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

    Aug 30, 2007 · The most influential recent social contract theorist is John Rawls. Rawls’s contract differs from Scanlonian contractualism in two key ways. (1) Rawls’s contract is more Kantian, …

  8. Contractarianism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)

    Jun 18, 2000 · The most important contemporary political social contract theorist is John Rawls, who effectively resurrected social contract theory in the second half of the 20th century, along …

  9. Intergenerational Justice - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Apr 3, 2003 · John Rawls was the first to develop a systematic account of obligations to future people as a central element of a theory of justice (Rawls 1971, 1999, especially section 44; …

  10. Deontological Ethics - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Nov 21, 2007 · Patient-centered deontological theories are often conceived in agent-neutral reason-giving terms. John has a right to the exclusive use of his body, labor, and talents, and …