Before the era of large-scale integration (LSI) semiconductor circuits, discrete logic circuits using the common diode-transistor logic (DTL) were still necessary and available in a format that was ...

When designing a chip, a designer needs to consider many tradeoffs before developing the logic. For example, if a chip is being developed for mobile applications, power becomes a very important factor ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

In this column, we take a closer look as to how timing and delays affect our logic circuits. As part of this, we start to consider the timing diagrams presented in data sheets. As I was writing my ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...

In the context of analyzing digital semiconductor circuits, a glitch is any unwanted or unused signal transition, or toggle. A glitch is often a transient signal that is much shorter than a clock ...